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kehatimesangatsuwi

Catalogue / Fauna / Flora 

Nauclea officinalis

(Pierre ex Pit.) Merr. & Chun

 

Rubiaceae
Nama
: Bengkal.
Deskripsi : Pohon, mencapai tinggi 30 m, diameter batang dapat mencapai 70 cm. Kulit batang halus atau mengelupas, keabu-abuan sama coklat kemerahan. Pepagan kuning atau kuning kecoklatan sampai jingga; getah kuning pucat. Tunas vegetatif mempipih. Daun penumpu ada, membundar telur sampai jorong, dapat mencapai panjangnya 25 mm, tepi rata. Daun jorong sampai membundar telur sungsang; pangkal daun membaji; ujung daun melancip pendek, gundul di sisi bawah; pertulangan daun 4−10 pasang, terbenam di sisi atas. Bunga bonggol; jarang tunggal, bulat, diameter ± 15 mm, bunga biseksual, kelopak menyatu, mahkota bercuping 4 atau 5, panjang mencapai 4.5 mm, berpuntir saat kuncup, bakal buah bersel-2, bakal biji banyak per sel. Buah bonggol, bulat, tersusun dari banyak buah yang menyatu, berkayu dan berlubang-dangkal dan menonjol, tidak berpendar. Biji bulat sampai bulat telur, tidak bersayap.
Ekologi : Persebaran alami dari wilayah Cina, Indo-cina, Indonesia (Sumatra dan Kalimantan), Malaysia, dan Thailand. Pada umumnya tumbuh pada hutan dataran rendah termasuk hutan riparian dan hutan lahan basah; selain itu, juga tumbuh pada hutan dipterokarpa. Di Kalimantan Timur banyak dijumpai pada tepi sungai dan hutan lahan basah seperti Mesangat, Suwi, Sedulang, Semayang, dan Muara Wis.
Kegunaan : Kayu dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku bangunan dan cocok untuk bahan baku kayu lapis. Referensi: Kessler & Sidiyasa, 1994.

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Legal Status
Law No. 5 of 1990 Concerning the Conservation of Biological Resources and their Ecosystems
Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. P.106/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/12/2018 Regarding Protected Plant and Animal Species
IUCN Red List Status
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), or in Indonesian, Serikat Internasional Untuk Pelestarian Alam, makes decisions to determine the conservation status of a species or plant. The current categories of the IUCN Red List criteria include extinct (EX), extinct in the wild (EW), critically endangered (CR), endangered (EN), vulnerable (VU), near threatened (NT), least concern (LC), data deficient (DD), and not evaluated (NE).
The CITES List Status
CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species) , aims to restrict countries from trading protected flora and fauna or those with extremely limited numbers. The CITES status consists of appendices (attachments) numbered I-III. Appendix I is a list of flora and fauna that absolutely cannot be traded because they are critically endangered. Appendix II is a list of flora and fauna that can be traded, but their numbers are limited. Meanwhile, Appendix III is a list of flora and fauna that can be traded because they are abundant in one country but limited in another.
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Endemic Status
"Endemic species" can be defined as species that naturally and exclusively inhabit and highly adapt to a specific geographical area. Based on the size and boundaries of their territory, this status includes Endemic (E) and Non-Endemic (NE).
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