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Catalogue / Fauna / Flora 

Dracontomelon dao

(Blanco) Merr. & Rolfe

 

Anacardiaceae
Nama : Sengkuang; Dahu.
Deskripsi : Pohon, berukuran besar, tinggi berkisar 25−55 m, diameter berkisar 0.9−1.5 m, berbanir, dengan tinggi dapat mencapai 5 m. Kulit batang coklat keabu-abuan, bersisik, mengelupas tidak beraturan, pepagan dengan eksudat berwarna kecoklatan. Daun majemuk, menyirip gasal, 4−5 pasang anak daun. Anak daun kebanyakan tersusun berhadapan, atau berseling, mengutuh, menjangat-tipis; jorong sampai melonjong, lonjong-membundar telur sampai melanset, permukaan daun gundul di kedua sisi, permukaan bawah daun terdapat rambut domatia, pangkal daun membundar sangat menyerong, ujung daun melencip-sangat pendek, pertulangan daun sekunder berjumlah 3−10 pasang. Perbungaan malai, aksiler atau terminal. Bunga biseksual, putih atau putih kehijauan, kelopak bercuping-5; membundar telur-lonjong; daun mahkota berjumlah 5, berkatup, melanset sungsang. Benang sari berjumlah 10. Putik panjangnya ±6−7 mm, bakal buah bersel-5, berambut, tangkai putik 5, kepala putik menjembul. Buah pelok, bersel 5, bulat, besar saat segar, coklat pudar, lapisan dalam buah berkayu, keras, sering halus, kadang sedikit bersudut-5. Biji bulat.
Ekologi : Persebaran alami dari dataran India sampai kepulauan Solomon (termasuk Indonesia). Tumbuh pada ekosistem dataran rendah pada hutan primer dan hutan sekunder, termasuk hutan riparian dan hutan lahan basah (rawa). Di Kalimantan Timur tersebar hampir di seluruh daratan, seperti di daerah dekat tepi sungai Mahakam dan anak-anak sungainya, di lahan basah Mesangat dan Suwi.
Kegunaan : Kayu dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pertukangan. Buah dapat dikonsumsi, tetapi memiliki rasanya yang asam. Referensi: Kessler & Sidiyasa, 1994.

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Legal Status
Law No. 5 of 1990 Concerning the Conservation of Biological Resources and their Ecosystems
Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. P.106/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/12/2018 Regarding Protected Plant and Animal Species
IUCN Red List Status
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), or in Indonesian, Serikat Internasional Untuk Pelestarian Alam, makes decisions to determine the conservation status of a species or plant. The current categories of the IUCN Red List criteria include extinct (EX), extinct in the wild (EW), critically endangered (CR), endangered (EN), vulnerable (VU), near threatened (NT), least concern (LC), data deficient (DD), and not evaluated (NE).
The CITES List Status
CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species) , aims to restrict countries from trading protected flora and fauna or those with extremely limited numbers. The CITES status consists of appendices (attachments) numbered I-III. Appendix I is a list of flora and fauna that absolutely cannot be traded because they are critically endangered. Appendix II is a list of flora and fauna that can be traded, but their numbers are limited. Meanwhile, Appendix III is a list of flora and fauna that can be traded because they are abundant in one country but limited in another.
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Endemic Status
"Endemic species" can be defined as species that naturally and exclusively inhabit and highly adapt to a specific geographical area. Based on the size and boundaries of their territory, this status includes Endemic (E) and Non-Endemic (NE).
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